1. Introduction to BiotechnologyAccording to Campbell et al. (2008) biotechnology is the manipulation of an organism or its components to produce useful products. The word “biotechnology” comes from the words “biology” and “technology”. Looking at the word, we can say that biotechnology is a technology based on biology. Man has been practicing biotechnology for centuries, mainly in the food sector. Biotechnology can be classified into two: traditional and modern biotechnology. Traditional biotechnology is a way of using a living organism to make new products or manipulate existing ones. It depends on nature and natural processes. Traditional biotechnology processes often take longer to obtain the desired product because the chemical reactions carried out by the microorganism are slow. Traditional biotechnology involves the fermentation of foods and beverages, animal and plant breeding, and the utilization of waste materials. All these processes take place over a period of time until the final product can be obtained. While modern biotechnology is related to the manipulation of genes, cells and living tissues in a controlled manner to make changes to the genetic makeup of an organism. Other modern biotechnologies involve the manipulation of proteins or enzymes and the manipulation of the reproductive process. Biotechnology aims to improve the quality of life. In recent years, modern biotechnology industries have developed at a rapid pace, and more and more biotechnology products are produced and used, especially in the medical industry. With advances in modern biotechnology, more drugs and vaccines have been produced to help save lives. The applications of biotechnology are so broad and the benefits so compelling that virtually every industry uses this...... middle of paper. ....from http://www.ice.gov.it/paesi/asia/malaysia/upload/173/Overview%20of%20Malays an% 0Biotechnology%20Industry%20(December%202012).pdfJamalullail, SMS (nd ). Biotechnology industry in Malaysia, opportunities and challenges. Sains University Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia. Keener, K., Hoban, T. and Balasubramaniam, R. (2004). Biotechnology and its applications. Retrieved from http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/foodsci/ext/pubs/bioapp.htmlLi, S., Yang, X., Yang, S., Zhu, M., & Wang, X. (2012 ). Technological prospecting on enzymes: Application, marketing and engineering. Journal of Computational and Structural Biotechnology, 2(3). doi:10.5936/csbj.201209017Malaysian Biotechnology Corporation. (2009). Overview: Healthcare Biotechnology in Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. National Blood Authority. (nd). Overview: About blood. Retrieved from http://www.blood.gov.au/about-blood