“Attachment is a deep and lasting emotional bond that connects one person to another across time and space” McLeod ( 2009), as an essential component of social and emotional bonding. development, the need for, and the role of caregivers is a much-studied area. Theories differ on the deficiencies that a lack of crippled or total attachment causes in an infant in terms of social, emotional or intellectual development. These theories range from Harlow's unethical work with baby rhesus monkeys to Chisholm's study of Romanian orphans. The work, however, remains relevant in order to know how to support or counteract the deleterious effects on which studies seem congruent occur in infants victims of mistreatment or mistreatment. which were abandoned. The article Total social isolation in monkeys by Dodsworth, Harlow and Harlow (1965), compares rhesus monkeys to children because parallels exist between the social development of humans and monkeys. The study kept baby rhesus monkeys in total isolation, completely depriving them of any caregivers and opportunities for attachment, mimicking children in orphanages or children suffering from emotional, physical, or sexual abuse. Although no monkeys died during isolation, one monkey that had been isolated for 3 months developed emotional anorexia and refused to eat, subsequently dying. While the effects of total social isolation from birth were severely deleterious, rhesus monkeys socially isolated from birth did not exhibit any social skills such as play, aggression, or sexual behavior, but rather high levels of fear. in social situations. Harlow observed, however, that although the social or emotional brain had been obliterated, the intellectual part seemed intact. Suomi and Harlow (1972) also found children in middle of paper. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 47, 449-457. Hodges, J. and Tizard, B. (1989). IQ and behavioral adjustments of ex-institutionalized adolescents. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30(1), 53-75. Hodges, J. and Tizard, B. (1989). Social and family relationships of former institutionalized adolescentsKipp, K. and Shaffer, DR (2009). Developmental psychology: Childhood and adolescence. (pp. 449-453). Cengage Learning. McLeod, S. (2009). Attachment theory. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/attachment.html Meins, A. (2011). Emotional development and attachment relationships. In G. Bremner & A. Slater (Eds.), An introduction to developmental psychology (2 ed., pp. 183-216). Sussex: British Psychology Society Salters-Pedneault, K. (April 30, 2010). Remove emotions. Retrieved from http://bpd.about.com/od/livingwithbpd/a/suppress.html