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  • Essay / The id, ego and superego in Richard III, by Geoffrey...

    Queen Margaret despises Richard and does not wish to see him as the next king. She prophesies Richard's death, alluding to his superego, but he is unaware of both his fate and his conscience. Margaret's anger arises and she says to Richard and Buckingham, "He...will break your heart with sorrow, remember Margaret was a prophetess" (128). She firmly believes in her prophecy and knows that once Richard dies, people will believe her vision. Margaret gives an important and dignified sign to Richard regarding his wrongdoing. However, Richard does not process the prophecy through his conscience in order to blame himself. Richard goes against his superego and has no remorse in correcting his mistakes; it prevents his consciousness from achieving perfection. Just as Richard must die because he did not pay attention to Margaret's prophecy, Arcite must also die because of his primary need for physicality rather than spirituality. Arcite prays to Mars, the god of battle, to win the fight, a physical aspiration. It also enters from the west side, on the side where the sun sets; Chaucer uses this wording to say that Arcite must “lie down” – die. Since a knight tells the story of Arcite and Palamon, Cupiditas, Arcite, must die and Caritas, Palamon, must survive due to the laws of courtly romance. Entering from the west side warns Arcite that he is following the wrong path.