Table of ContentsIntroductionVirtue EthicsTheories of Ethics: RightsRelativist TheoryObjectivist TheoryConsequentialist TheoryDeontology TheoryComparison of TheoriesACM and IEEE Codes of EthicsConclusionWorks CitedIntroductionThe ethics is a body of knowledge that deals with moral principles (i.e. an act of right or wrong accepted by an individual or a social group) and theories constitute a set of principles on which the practice of an activity. Ethical theories are more applicable in every sector and more used in the ICT industry. Thus, the field of morality presents a large level of combativeness in different divisions. The main objective of the report is to elucidate all the major theories of ethics applied to ICT and the professional code of ethics related to the ICT industry. This report covers the moral theories associated with ICT and describes each of them in detail. This report highlights the comparison and distinction between all moral theories (i.e. rights versus virtue, relativist versus objectivist, and consequentialist versus deontology). Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essayVirtue EthicsThis theory defines an individual activity as ethically good or bad by judging it based on the character of the individual involved in the same thing rather than the action themselves. or virtue is a test which allows one to fulfill one's character well. For example, what is required to be an excellent teacher is different from what is required to be an excellent soldier because both soldier and teacher have different functions. There are three main components of this theory which are described briefly below: Eudaimonism: this is the component of the morality of excellence which says that the essential point of the individual in his life is to flourish , to be happy or to live life well. A virtue that enables a person to achieve the main goal of life, which is happiness, contributes to prosperity and inspires a great life. Ethics of loyalty and self-care: This virtue ethic suggests that the importance of community, commonalities, and relationships lies above universal lies mean above universal norms and self-care. 'equity. This theory requires that we treat people closer to us with special attention. This theory has the new responsibility of caring for ourselves, emotionally, mentally, physically and spiritually. Agent-based theories: This is the third component of moral theories that describes a specific activity of the specialist or gives a moral judgment based on moral sense. This above element of virtue ethics is related to the field of ICT, but there are some examples which are considered ethically wrong by other moral speculations, but plays an important role in the scene of virtue ethics. Virtue. For example, transferring movies, songs, videos and alternative exclusive content from the web can be an operation usually carried out by several users. What is considered morally wrong by assumptions, for example consequentialism. No matter how, on the basis of virtue ethics, it is considered ethically correct and arouses joy in people. It also states that content downloaded from the net for private entertainment and joy and shared with families and friends, then there is nothing wrong in the activity. Theories of ethics: Rights The second theory of ethics and its parts applied to ICT is the theoryrights. where an action or decision would be considered ethically correct if it respects the rights of others. Rights theory is the subset of deontological theory that is provided to the individual when the discussion turns to rights. There are many types of rights. Some of them are the main rights that people have legal rights, human rights and contractual rights. the right to vote is a legal right because it arises from law and legally enforceable freedom of speech is an example of basic human rights that all should be entitled to because they are human being while contractual rights arise from an agreement or a relationship. For example, the right to buy a particular product or service, the right to sell a product or service, the right to be the only seller or buyer come under contractual rights. Theories applied to ICT companies because they describe a specific demonstration by estimating it. with the rights that are granted to a person. For example, there are specific laws in each country that prohibit people from uploading a particular category of content to the web that significantly incorporates content that may harm a political branch or legislative branch. but this theory allows each people to fully exercise their rights of expression and belief. Theory of relativism It is also the speculation of the ethics applicable in each sector which structures its choice on how mortality is in relation to the traditions, practices, beliefs and norms of its way of life and its society. That is, different societies have different moral codes that determine what is right or wrong in that society. To call the action ethically good in this society means that one action can harm another society and there is no objective standard by which to judge one society's code against another. This theory applies to the world of ICT. For example, Facebook is a blocked site in some parts of the world. Likewise, there are a number of associations that allow the use of Facebook and other informal communication applications, while some of them prohibit people from using these applications for reasons legitimized according to the standards of the general public. Anyway, there is no limitation to these apps in other parts of the world. Theory of Objectivism In moral objectivism, moral qualities and ideals are free over everything external to them. In moral objectivism, the moral law is uncreated and endless and not subject to any will, heavenly or human. Moral absolutism is also a form of moral objectivism. No will can diminish the results of illegal acts. There is no beauty in ethical objectivism. In order to avoid sanctions, one must lead an excellent life and absolutely obey the law. The law of destiny, continuous birth, death and rebirth until such ethical perfection is achieved, seems to be the ultimate expression of moral objectivism. This hypothesis recommends that any movement in the world of information and communication technology (ICT) industry should be taken into account. as morally right, it sticks to the laws that flow from it and deal with the same thing. For example, downloading copyright files from the Internet is considered ethically correct with respect to virtue ethics, while there may be legal sanctions regarding such an act which is considered morally irrelevant according to the hypothesis of objectivism. Consequentialist TheoryThis hypothesis of morality says that a demonstration is ethically incorrect. it's fair and justif the end product of a similar demonstration does not harm any reality in any capacity. There are two essential standards in the assumptions which are incorporated below: The consequences of the act confirm whether the character of the act is correct or incorrect The number of negative results of the associate degree act verifies the 'incorrectness of the act and vice versa There are various types of In this hypothesis, for example, hedonism says that human joy should be at the forefront in a demonstration, while utilitarianism says that the usefulness of the act is of primary importance. Its activities are applicable in the ICT industry. There are acts that are defended on the basis of other moral assumptions, but which are characterized as ethically wrong on the basis of their negative outcome. For example, the case of downloading exclusive content from the web for free is only ethically correct if the same act is linked to individual benefit. In principle of consequentialism, this act is considered ethically incorrect because it causes loss to the content owner who uploads these files to the Internet. Despite the fact that there may be legal commitments for substance suppliers and the customer. The major result of this act causes harm to the associated parties and is therefore virtuous and ethically incorrect. Ethics theory Ethics theory that uses rules to distinguish right from wrong. Kant believed that moral actions followed universal ethical laws such as not lying, not stealing, and not cheating. this may apply simply because it is simply necessary for individuals to follow the principles and carry out their duty which generally fits well with our natural intuition regarding what is moral or not. This theory does not consider the outcomes, consequences, or virtues behind the act of an associate's degree, as people must simply be required to follow a set of rules. Comparison of theoriesCode of ethics and professional practices: Australian Computer Society (ACS) Code of Ethics. . The Australian Computer Society Code of Ethics is part of the ACS Constitution. this in light of a certain number of esteems of society, for example, the priority of the public interest must be well above personal, commercial or sectoral interests, the improvement of the quality of life of those who work, honesty is the illustration of skills, knowledge. , services and merchandise, with skill and diligence alongside qualified development and expertise. Connection between code and ethical theories. There are unitarian moral theories that show all the principles that govern unitarian giving in the ACS code of ethics, such as those in the idea of ​​consequentialism and objectivism. while the theory of ethics does not come back as a first priority in the ACS code of ethics which says that the public interest must be greater than the private interest. however, just in the case of virtuous ethics, it is acceptable to place self-interest at the first level. ACM and IEEE Codes of Ethics There are seven control rules that oversee the code of ethics. Assets in the ICT field must maintain the enthusiasm of the general population over the individual. plotThe interest of the consumer and the leader must be considered and merged with the general public interestCompetent guidelines and best practices must be followed in every phase of the course of events of the companyCompetent judgment must adopt the climate of the Integrity and independenceA moral approach could be followed by the directors and pioneers to supervise and maintain the exercises undertaken. Integrity and the name of the profession..