Madame Bovary is a novel by author Gustave Flaubert in which a woman's provincial bourgeois life becomes an in-depth commentary on class, gender, and social roles in 19th-century France . Emma Bovary is the novel's eponymous antiheroine who uses deviant behavior and willful acts of indiscretion to reject a lifestyle imposed on her by an oppressive patriarchal society. Madame Bovary's struggle to circumvent and subvert social roles reflects both a cultural and existential critique of gender and class boundaries, and her reluctance to tolerate the banalities of domestic life in a predetermined caste culminates in several means of defiance distinct. Emma Bovary exploits traditional cultural values ​​such as marriage, consumerism, masculinity and social mobility to create a satire of the flawed and repressive institution of which she is both the product and the prisoner. For Emma, ​​entering into marriage with a very ordinary Doctor Charles Bovary marks the beginning of an unsatisfying, restrictive and joyless domestic life. Emma and Charles exist in a world of intergenerational social stratification where a man's origin, occupation, and wealth are the determinants of his children's place in the inflexible social hierarchy. Respective children of a "former assistant army surgeon" and a rural working farmer, Charles and Emma are confronted with the constraints of conventional bourgeois morality and the expectation of a domestic life defined by mundane occupations and petty banalities (Flaubert 6). Emma Bovary's frustration with a loveless marriage, nonexistent career opportunities, and low socioeconomic status leads to a propensity toward sentimental romanticism and the creation of an impractical, imaginative world. human condition.Madame Bovary is a novel in which the personal, provincial, and emotional landscape of human relationships forms a critique of humanity that goes beyond individuals and their society as a whole. Although Emma Bovary belongs to a specific moment in time and space, the struggles she faces and overcomes are universal. Emma Bovary's actions are representative of underrepresented, dissatisfied and disadvantaged people who must find ways to overcome oppressive social conventions and dismantle them in doing so. Through the narrative format of Madame Bovary, Flaubert explores the complexity of physical, emotional, and psychological human desires and satirizes the inhumanity of modern materialist cultures. Works cited Flaubert, Gustave. Madame Bovary. Trans. Geoffroy Mur. London: Penguin Books Ltd, 1992. N. pag. Print.