OsteoporosisOsteoporosis is one of the major types of bone diseases that most commonly develops in adulthood in men and women, but can also affect people younger. This disease contributes to “…decreased bone mass, increased skeletal fragility and increased risk of fractures…” (Caple and Schub. 2014). Bones are constantly being replaced by new bones, so they are living tissue. Osteoporosis ultimately occurs when new bone fails to grow. In Canada, “1.5 million Canadians aged 40 or older (10%) reported having been diagnosed with osteoporosis, among whom women were 4 times more likely than men to report having osteoporosis” ( “What is the impact”, 2010). Women are at greater risk than men because hormonal changes in women can affect bone density. Estrogen is essential for bone density, but after menopause, its levels decline, leading to bone loss. On the other hand, in men, the cause is still unknown. However, testosterone: the male hormone helps keep bones healthy. Even though men still produce the male hormone in old age, there is still a risk of osteoporosis because levels have declined. Sometimes bone loss occurs without any cause, and one later realizes that it is a silent theft when one eventually develops symptoms (“Osteoporosis – Review”, 2014). In most cases, osteoporosis is preventable, although it is not a reversible and harmful disease. Controllable Disease Risk Factors Some controllable risk factors highlighted in osteoporosis are inactive lifestyle, smoking, and alcohol consumption (“Risk Factors for Osteoporosis,” 2013). People who do not have an active lifestyle, such as not getting daily exercise or perhaps even being bedridden, are at risk of osteoporosis because any type of...... middle of paper.. .... is necessary to prevent osteoporosis and the development of fractures. One of the most important ways to prevent this disease is to already take calcium and vitamin D to build and maintain healthy bones. With these supplements and following a healthy diet, you can get them and provide you with more useful nutrients. While following your healthy meal plan, you need to consider the amount of alcohol you drink as it can damage your bones, an action plan to quit smoking or avoid smoking and get into a routine of daily exercise. Exercise is one of the best ways to improve your health, including strengthening your bones, balance and coordination. This can prevent falls and reduce your risk of fractures. Being able to exercise during your daily activities may reduce your chances of developing osteoporosis..