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  • Essay / Sleep disorders: physical and psychological causes...

    Three types of obstructive sleep apnea are apnea, hypopnea and arousal linked to respiratory effort (Stanford Health Care). Some patients with obstructive sleep apnea may develop cardiovascular abnormalities due to repetitive cycles of blocked breathing (Barker Sleep Institute). Symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea in children include snoring, bedwetting, sleepwalking, mouth breathing, and enlarged tonsils (Stanford Health Care). Patients with obstructive sleep apnea suffer from fragmented sleep (Barker Sleep Institute). Central sleep apnea occurs when the respiratory control system is not stable as the individual transitions from wakefulness to sleep (Stanford Health Care). Symptoms of central sleep apnea are divided into five categories: primary central sleep apnea, Cheyne-Stokes breathing pattern, non-Cheyne-Stokes health problem, periodic breathing at high altitude, and due to medication or a substance (Barker Sleep Institute). Obstructive sleep apnea is the most common between obstructive and central (National Sleep