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Essay / Patient safety: a positive change in the healthcare system
A vital improvement in patient safety has triggered enormous positive changes in the healthcare system. There were “1.6 million adverse events each year, resulting in 180,000 deaths” (Liang and Mackey, 2011). In one study, preventable errors resulted in $19.5 billion in healthcare costs (Liang and Mackey, 2011). The National Patient Safety Agency analyzed 425 deaths in acute care hospitals and found that "15% of deaths were linked to unrecognized patient deterioration" (Higgins, Maries-Tillot, Quinton and Richmond, 2008). This finding led the Institute for Health Care Improvement to promote the use of an early warning scoring system to help identify patients whose condition is deteriorating (Albert & Huesman, 2011). The term “failure to rescue” refers to a clinical scenario in which hospital doctors, nurses or caregivers fail to recognize symptoms. Responders do not respond adequately to clinical signs that could prevent harm (Morse, 2008, p.2). Dr. Jeffery H. Silber, director of the Center for Health Outcomes and Policy Research, coined the term "rescue failure" in the 1990s. He called the matrix of institutional and individual errors that contribute to patient deaths " failure of rescue” (Aleccia, 2008). Since 1990, it has been well documented that patients typically present with signs and symptoms of impending cardiac or respiratory arrest 6 to 8 hours before an arrest (Schein, Hazday, Pena, Ruben, & Spring, 1990). Research by Buist, Bernard, Nguyen, Moore, and Anderson (2004) reported similar results. They found that patients exhibited clinically abnormal signs and symptoms before their arrest (Buist et al., 2004). When some abnormal signs and symptoms are identified at an early stage, a critical bedside consultation...... middle of paper ......ng computer science. Integrating an early warning scoring system into nursing practice is one way that nursing technology and knowledge evolve toward “applied wisdom” (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2012). The data is represented by vital signs. Collecting vital signs will generate information. The information will be noted in the system and will alert the nurse of abnormal results. The nest steps can only be climbed by the nurse. Critical thinking, interpretation, and application of results from the patient's medical record are the next steps. Nurses must be able to apply this information in their nursing practice in order to continue to develop and provide the best patient care. As technology continues to expand into many clinical areas, nurses will need to continue to understand how the world of technology impacts patients..