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Essay / Environmental Management Paradigms in New Zealand that surround environmental management. In Simin Davoudi's (2012) reading "Climate risk and security: new meanings of 'environment' in the English planning system", Davoudi explains that the environment can be seen in different ways, as local amenity, heritage, landscape, nature reserve, as a reservoir of resources, as an exchangeable commodity, as a problem, as sustainability and as a risk (Davoudi, 2012). Although Davoudi's typology relates to some aspects of New Zealand's environmental management paradigms, it fails to include some important aspects such as indigenous and community inclusion. Davoudi's (2012) typology can provide future directions in the discourse around the environment as risk. Davoudi's (2012) environmental management typology discusses eight distinct meanings of the environment that are incorporated into today's planning system. The new discourse involved in environmental management means that the environment is perceived in different ways. As a result, the meanings attached to the environment have changed significantly over time (Davoudi, 2012). Davoudi (2012) explains that environmental management is constrained by limited definitions of the environment, and that the onset of climate change and the discourse surrounding it has meant that perceptions of the environment have been shaped (Davoudi, 2012). The first definition proposed is that of local amenity, which explains that the environment is associated with aesthetic and recreational values. The next is the environment as a heritage landscape, which views the environment as...... middle of document ......l Management, 103-114.The Chairman: Cabinet Policy Committee. (nd). Planning for the effects of climate change: the role of resource management law. Office of the Lead, Ministerial Group on Climate Change, Office of the Minister for the Environment. Tyson, B., Panelli, R. and Robertson, G. (2011). Integrated watershed management in New Zealand: a field report on communications efforts in the Taieri River catchment. Applied Environmental Education and Communication, 73-80.Valentine, I., Hurley, E., Reid, J., and Allen, W. (2007). Principles and processes for bringing about change in environmental management in New Zealand. Journal of Environmental Management, 311-318. Wilcock, D.A. (2013). From empty spaces to flows of life: transforming community engagement in environmental decision-making and its implications for local life. Political studies 34:4, 455-473.
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