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  • Essay / National Tariff Policy between 1816 and 1832 - 2121

    Part A: Inquiry Plan I will examine the question of whether national tariff policy between 1816 and 1832 had an impact on the development and acceptance of the doctrine Cancellation in South Carolina? I will evaluate national tariff policy in the early 1800s and analyze how these tariffs may have impacted acceptance and support for nullification in South Carolina. I will examine South Carolina's economic conditions during this period and compare those conditions with the development of nullification as a policy tool. I will also review the Kentucky and Virginia resolutions to examine early examples of state sovereignty. I will conduct internet research, review various books written in different eras of history, review periodicals including the Charleston Mercury, and review letters and speeches written by John. C. Calhoun and Andrew Jackson during this period.Part B: Summary of the Evidence Since the ratification of the Constitution in 1787, the states have grappled with the balance of power between the federal government and individual states. As early as 1798 and 1799, the Kentucky and Virginia legislatures passed resolutions opposing the alien and sedition laws passed by Congress. Although the Kentucky and Virginia resolutions did not use the word “nullification,” they challenged the power of the federal government. After the War of 1812, cheaper British manufactured goods flooded into American markets. To protect American "infant industries" from British competition, Congress passed a protective tariff in 1816. Supporters of this tariff believed that, without some protection, the United States would still be able to supply raw materials (like cotton) in ret. ......middle of document......Part E: ConclusionFederal tariff policy certainly played some role in the development and acceptance of nullification in South Carolina. In fact, in “South Carolina's Exposition and Protest,” John C. Calhoun specifically pointed out the unjust and oppressive nature of the tariffs to justify his rollback theories. Without question, South Carolina's economy clearly suffered between 1816 and 1832, when the price of cotton fell and import prices rose. Whether justified or not, many South Carolinians blamed the federal tariffs in part on exaggerated and emotional reporting by the press, Hayne, and McDuffie. Because their economic interests were compromised, South Carolinians looked for someone to blame and a way to respond. Federal Tariff Policy Was an Easy Target, and Canceling It Was a Dramatic Way to Take Action..