Restless legs syndrome (also called Willis-Ekbom disease) is a neurological disorder that has been the subject of much research, but many aspects of the disease remains unknown. Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is characterized by a strong urge to move the legs, including sensations of tingling, pulling, pain, or burning while resting. Patients with RLS can experience a range of mild to severe symptoms (Eisenberg, 2013). Symptoms usually worsen at night when lying or sitting, but can also affect normal daily activities and are usually relieved by movement. An estimated 7 out of 100 people in the United States currently have RLS. RLS can affect people of any age; however, symptoms generally worsen with age. RLS is known to have strong genetic causes involving iron deficiency (Eisenberg, 2013). Since there is currently no test to diagnose RLS, the only diagnostic material includes objective measurements. There is currently no cure for RLS, but many lifestyle changes and medical treatments can help patients cope with the symptoms. Exercising, avoiding caffeine and alcohol, quitting smoking, wearing support stockings, and light therapy can improve some RLS symptoms (Eisenberg, 2013). The most common medical treatments for RLS are dopamine agonists (such as L-Dopa), alpha-2-delta ligands (such as the antiepileptic drug gabapentin), and iron or iron supplement pills. intravenously, but other therapies include benzodiazepines and low-potency pills. opioids (Comella, 2014). Connor's (2011) book “Profile of Altered Brain Iron Acquisition in Restless Legs Syndrome” explores iron control in the brains of RLS patients. Previous research has suggested that the blood-brain barrier acts as a simple transport system. The results of... middle of article...... 2011). When intracellular iron levels are low, it is the responsibility of the transferrin receptor messenger RNA to increase the translation of specific proteins. Iron regulatory proteins support this transferrin receptor messenger RNA and are therefore essential for the regulation of iron levels in the brain (Conner et al., 2011). RLS patients have decreased iron regulatory proteins and, consequently, low iron levels in neuromelanin cells. Decreased iron regulatory proteins lead to decreased iron storage in endothelial cells (Conner et al., 2011). One treatment plan for RLS patients involves intravenous iron supplements. Replenishing lost iron in endothelial cells has been shown to help alleviate some RLS symptoms. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms behind iron release, absorption, and storage in RLS patients...