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Essay / Plato and the Renaissance - 1812
Plato (428-347 BCE) is considered one of the greatest philosophers the world has ever known. Although concerned with the specific problems of his own time, Plato's ideas transcend all time. Throughout the ages, his works have been translated into many languages and studied by great thinkers from all parts of the world. A revival of Platonic thought occurred during the Renaissance. Although Plato's ideas survived in their original forms, Renaissance translators and commentators often understood them in a very different way than intended. Plato's ideas were ahead of their time, but he was nevertheless clearly a product of classical Greek culture. Many of his dialogues question beliefs and praise the Greek gods. Political concerns revolved around the political systems common in his time, and the distaste for democracy present in his Republic focuses specifically on the form of democracy present in Athens at that time.1 For his time, Plato's work depicts the women in a very positive light, but it is still evident that the view of women as second-class citizens in ancient Greece influenced his opinion. Plato's Republic permits and expects women to participate in its ideal ruling class of philosopher kings, but the language used to describe women's roles is nonetheless demeaning.2 In Plato's Socratic dialogues, a plethora of examples Representatives of the era are used to explain and defend assertions, referring to recent wars, politicians of recent history, and Homeric poetry. Plato might never have become the world-renowned philosopher he is considered today without Socrates (469-399 BCE). Plato was Socrates' most famous student, and Socrates was such an inspiration to him that...... middle of paper ......): 406- 439. http://www. jstor.org/stable/10.1353/ren.2008.0331Kellermann, Frédéric. “Montaigne, reader of Plato.” Comparative Literature, Vol. 8, no. 4 (fall 1956): 307-322. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1768763 Lee, Desmond, trans. The Republic, 2nd ed. New York: Penguin Books, 1987. Oliver, Revilo P. “Plato and Salutati.” Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association, Vol. 71, (1940): 315-334. http://www.jstor.org/stable/283132 Schachter, Marc. "Louis Le Roy's Plato's Symposium and Three Other Renaissance Adaptations of Platonic Eros." Renaissance Quarterly, Vol. 59, no. 2 (summer 2006): 406-439. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1353/ren.2008.0331Somfai, Anna. "The 11th-century change in the reception of Plato's 'Timaeus' and Calcidius' 'Commentary'." Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, Vol.. 65, (2002): 1-21