The purpose of the literature review is to identify and highlight important variables, and to document significant findings from previous research that will serve as a basis for which the conceptual or theoretical framework for the current investigation can be founded and the hypotheses developed (Cavana, Delahaye & Sekaran 2000). This step is important to convince the reader that the researcher is knowledgeable about the problem area and has done the preliminary work to conduct the research, and also that the conceptual framework will be built on the solid foundation of existing knowledge. The literature review emphasized the importance of four major and common factors with respect to the management of knowledge work, namely communities of practice, IT support, KM activities and outcomes. in terms of performance (Davenport and Prusak 2000; Demarest 1997; McDermott 1999). Much of the existing research on knowledge creation focuses on the source and state of knowledge. Indeed, the term management control of activities which can be uncontrollable or stifled by ...