Table of contentsIntroductionMaterials and methodsThe materials used during the experiment are as follows:DiscussionConclusionIntroductionThe Mendelian inheritance model was discovered by Gregor Mendel, the "father of genetics" . His experiment observed various patterns of gene separation when combined with certain traits. He conducted his experiment with garden peas and was able to determine the likelihood of a trait reappearing in future generations. The three principles founded by Mendel were the principle of domination and excess, the principle of segregation and the principle of independent assortment. His theory leads to the understanding of genetic variation, that is to say differences between individuals or even between populations on a large scale, often influenced by mutations and sexual reproduction. The observations we can see about an individual that make them unique are described as their phenotype or physical characteristics. Meanwhile, a person's genotype cannot be directly observed but rather constitutes their genetic information. When an organism has the same alleles, it is called homozygous. If the organism has different alleles, it is classified as heterozygous where the dominant allele is expressed rather than the recessive trait. Punnet squares are used to determine the probability that an organism has the same alleles as its parents. The dominant homozygote, similar to the homozygote, has the same copy of the same gene; however, a heterozygous dominant gene is composed of two different traits. Certain phenotypes, such as black hair, are more common in certain populations due to the genetic makeup of those individuals who have a higher probability of producing certain phenotypes. The color variation in corn is due to the fact that the kernels have dominant genes and are the result of natural selection. In the laboratory, we discussed the study of two mono-hybrid crosses: a cross of purple starch with yellow starch. In a monohybrid cross of two heterozygous purple corn plants, the resulting phenotypes occur in a ratio of 3:1. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essay Materials and Methods The materials used during the experiment are as follows: A purple and yellow starched corncob A blue marker A pen for recording data During the group work in pairs, one person counted the number of kernels on corn while the other recorded the data. We started with a column of grains and counted vertically until we had a total of sixteen columns. Each grain was marked with a blue marker so that a recount of the same row would not occur. After recording the data, we used chi-square to determine whether the resulting numbers matched a predicted genetic ratio. The probability used to determine whether the observed results were significantly different from the expected results is as follows: The expected number of purple grains should be determined by multiplying the observed total by 0.75. To determine the expected number of yellow grains, the observed total must be multiplied by 0.25. The observed value for purple starch was 3.6:1. Higher than expected value thought to be 3:1. DiscussionThe hypothesis stated that in a monohybrid cross of two heterozygous purple corn plants, the resulting phenotypes occur in a ratio of 3:1. This hypothesis was well supported by the group and class ratios, but equal to a ratio of 3.6:1. The corn cob we observed was a heterozygous dominant phenotype because the purple corn was.