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  • Essay / Immanuel Kant's Categorical Imperative - 1213

    He then reasons that since the will is the driving force behind moral action, it would be illogical, under the first formulation, to assert that a person is simply a means to an end. From there, Kant develops his second formulation: “The practical imperative will therefore be the following: Act in such a way that you use humanity as much in your own person as in the person of any other, always at the same time as an end and never simply as means” (46-47/281-282). The importance of the second formulation lies in Kant's emphasis on the equality of rational beings. The second formulation states that others are not mere objects that can be used to achieve a certain end, but that the goals of others must be equally important in relation to the personal goal. However, Kant suggests that a person can be treated as a means if they voluntarily become involved. Next, Kant supports his argument by demonstrating how the previous four examples are still consistent with this formulation. First, when a person commits suicide, their own life becomes a means of escaping their situation. Second, if a borrower fails to repay the lender, then the lender becomes a mere means of financial gain for the borrower. Third, if we view humanity as an end in itself, then we must cultivate our talents to pursue the full development of humanity.