However, few studies focus solely on personality plasticity in older adults, as they too face various life changes (Maiden, Peterson, and Caya , 1999). A longitudinal study conducted by Maiden, Peterson, and Caya (1999) is significant in measuring personality change in older adults through a sample of older women, with an average age of eighty years. Maiden, Peterson, and Caya (1999) hypothesized that personality change occurs primarily at times when a person's living conditions change dramatically, anticipating moderate change. Participants were sampled repeatedly, revealing that as negative changes in their lives were made, their personalities followed suit. For example, Maiden, Peterson, and Caya (1999) found that participants felt less extraverted when they were less healthy. Similarly, participants reported that nervousness and irritability intensified, primarily due to unwanted changes in their lives. The conclusions drawn by Maiden, Peterson and Caya (1999) confirm their hypothesis. Therefore, the plasticity of an individual's personality throughout his life, even in its later stages, is undeniably