Mining can cause varying damage at all stages due to different aspects of the mining project, such as type of ore, technology , on-site methods and processes used as well as the sensitivity of the local environment. Mining does not only affect local physical aspects; it can also lead to contamination of air, soil and water. Damage can be caused when exploring for minerals in soils, as field work involves drilling, transect lines, excavation pits and support equipment can leave traces. Mining operations also impact the environment through the establishment of mines, ore extraction, high concentrations of minerals, transportation and infrastructure. Waste is also generated during the life of the mines, it consists mainly of rocks and is considered non-toxic. The other type of waste produced during processing is called mine tailings and the concentration levels of minerals are large enough that they must be disposed of safely. Mine tailings require tailings dams covered with a special coating and when the dam has been used or is full, it is then plugged and revegetated to prevent any harmful materials from entering the environment. Water and air pollution are also wastes from mining; Airborne contaminants may include dust, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide [1]. Mining projects create a lot of dust during mine construction and during transportation of ores from the mine to the processing area. Dust during transportation is minimized by building high quality roads (even though they are often dirt) with surface additives to prevent more dust during dry seasons as well as ongoing maintenance [2]. Water pollution affects water quality at mining sites middle of paper...... enters groundwater [6]. Biological - Bioremediation is the use of biological organisms that can break down organic matter or pollution (such as oil or acid) in soil or water. It is used either in locations where organisms already live on the site and are optimized for growth for more/faster degradation, or in locations where microbes are added to a site [8]. It uses a natural process that occurs in nature, so this method of cleaning can also be safer and less expensive than alternatives (incineration or landfill) and can avoid having to dig up large amounts of soil , sediment and pumping water. the land for treatment. A major advantage is that it eliminates waste permanently, so there are no long-term liabilities, but this may not be feasible if there are too many toxic chemicals in high concentrations that are toxic to most microorganisms. [8, 9].