Methods of biblical apologetics, definitions and bases From its birth until today, Christianity has been part of a context of “pluralism” whose beliefs are very diverse (Carson 270-272). These conditions, of course, constitute a serious challenge to the truth claims and existence of Christianity. However, these challenges led to a response from believers that gave rise to Christian apologetics. The word “apologetics” is derived from the ancient Greek word apologia which generally means “defense”. The verb form is Apologoumai which means “to make a defense”. Sproul, Gerstner and Lindsley 20). Thus, Christian apologetics is above all a defense of the doctrine and practice of the Christian life of the person who does not believe. As a defense of the Christian faith effort, apologetics is closely related to the problematic methods it uses. As in war, strategy is an important requirement for winning the battle, just as in apologetics, method is a vital element in the effort to win souls for Christ. This statement does not mean that the effort of believers through apologetics is a decisive factor in the success of evangelism. The Bible clearly states that only the Holy Spirit regenerates the unbeliever and makes him accept Christ. (Hoekema 48) However, as Christians who become co-workers with God, we are called to participate in obtaining the best method of apologetics that we can use in certain situations. We must remember that the Holy Spirit does not work against our efforts, but through our efforts. Towards the end of the 20th century, Steven B. Cowan may have made a recent classification of the methods of apologetics. He divides existing apologetic methods by distinguishing between middle of paper ......th and rationality. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1983. Pratt, Richard L. Menaklukkan Segala Pikiran kepada Kristus. Malang: SAAT, 200. Ramm, Bernard. Varieties of presuppositional apologetics. Grand Rapids, Zondervan, 1961. Sproul, , RC, John Gerstner and Arthur Lindsley. Classical apologetics: a rational defense of the Christian faith and a critique of presuppositional apologetics. Grand Rapids, Zondervan, 1984. Til, Cornelius Van. In Defense of the Faith Vol 2: An Inquiry into Christian Epistemology. Philadelphia: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1969.—. “Defense 77.” Westminster Theological Journal 57 (1995): 126-128. Till, Cornelius Van. “The Methodological Objective of Biblical Apologetics.” Westminster Theological Journal 57 (1995): 126-128. Wood, W. Jay. Epistemology: Becoming intellectually virtuous. Downers Grove: Intercollegiate, 1998.