IntroductionTraditionally, the high temperature in the cutting zone is controlled with the help of a cutting fluid. Cutting fluid helps improve surface finish as well as facilitate chip evacuation. It simultaneously performs the functions of coolant and lubricant. The effect of the coolant reduces the temperature in the cutting zone and the lubricating action decreases the cutting forces. Thus, the coefficient of friction between the tool and the chip becomes lower than that of dry machining. Minimizing friction between the tool cutting edge and workpiece, controlling corrosion, ejecting chips and washing are the functions of cutting fluid during machining. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get an original essayThe beginnings of metal cutting date back to the Middle Ages. It was not until the middle of the 18th century that major developments in the field of metal cutting were noted. Historically, until the 19th century, water was used for centuries as a cooling medium to aid in various metalworking operations. [Taylor, 1907] was probably the first to prove the practical benefit of using liquids to facilitate metal cutting. The lathe, milling machine, shaper, saw and other machines were developed to meet the industry's needs for mass production at low cost and high precision. Nowadays, metal cutting has become a very important segment of our industry and indispensable for modern man. Wherever metal is used in a man-made object, one can be sure that it must have reached its final stage through processing with machine tools. Mineral oils were developed at this time because they had a much higher lubricity. However, their low cooling capacity and high costs limited their use to low cutting speed machining operations. Finally, between 1910 and 1920, soluble oils were initially developed to improve the cooling properties and fire resistance of pure oils [Childers, 1994]. Other substances have also been added to control problems such as moss, bacteria and fungi. Oils as lubricants for machining have also been developed by adding extreme pressure (EP) additives. Today, these two types of cutting fluids (coolants) are known as water emulsifiable oils and direct cutting oils. Additionally, semi-synthetic and synthetic cutting fluids have been developed to improve the performance of many machining operations [Mariani, 1990]. Today, cutting fluids play an important role in manufacturing processes, supporting their high productivity and efficiency. Today, many types of metal cutting fluids used are such as oils, oil-water emulsions, pastes, gels, aerosols (mists), and air or other gases. The objective of the present work is to examine the effects of minimum lubrication on the cutting performance of medium carbon steel at different cutting speeds and feeds in terms of main cutting force and feed force, average temperature of the chip-tool interface, tool wear and surface finish. Irani et al. (2005) studied that heat generation is the limiting factor in the grinding process due to the associated thermal damage. To combat this energy transfer, a cutting fluid is often applied when.