IntroductionConflicts cause and leave behind a myriad of problems and issues that affect several spheres of a country. Conflict affects a country economically, politically, socially and environmentally at a broader level, while the micro-level impact is what is immediately seen and felt. Conflict also has gender-specific impacts, although it is women who are most affected by conflict, as they are affected in much more different ways than men, and with greater intensity in most cases. In some parts of the world, women deliberately face gender-based violence and discrimination. Women are affected by conflicts during their duration as well as in the post-conflict period. It is during the post-conflict period that these impacts are seriously felt. In times of conflict, women are direct victims of rape, torture, detention, they are victims as internally displaced persons and refugees, while in the post-conflict period, women are victims as war widows and war survivors, sole breadwinners, etc., while dealing with psychological trauma. Men are also victims of direct armed conflict, as most combatants are male and suffer from psychological trauma, loss of limbs/disabilities, loss of mobility, difficulty reintegrating into family life, etc. Conflict and displacement cause demographic changes that have other consequences. with serious implications such as declining male population and subsequent household structural changes, declining fertility and increasing infant mortality, dispersal and reassignment of civilians and increasing rural migration to cities. It is essential that governments, policy makers and all stakeholders involved in the post-conflict situation respond as early as possible. recovery takes into account the impact of the conflict on gender and takes...... middle of document ......active. November 2005Mudrovcic, Zeljka. Sexual and gender-based violence in post-conflict regions: the case of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The impact of conflict on women and girls – A UNFPA strategy for gender mainstreaming in conflict and reconstruction zones. Bratislava, Slovakia. November 2002.Thiruchandran, Selvy. The Other Victims – Women after Terrorism, Sri Lanka – A seminar on female-headed households in southern and eastern Sri Lanka. Women's Education and Research Center (WERC). April 1997. GTZ. Towards the integration of gender in crisis prevention and conflict management. (2001) Gender-sensitive program design and planning in conflict-affected situations: workshop reports. Roundtable report: Gender and conflict: Understanding the dynamics of violence – London, October 2001USAID. Women and Conflict – An Introductory Guide to Programming. (2006)