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  • Essay / The Fruit Fly Experiment - 1096

    The fruit fly experiment is used to introduce the study of genetics to students. It was first used by Thomas Morgan Hunt in 1910. The importance of using fruit flies, also known as Drosophila Melanogaster, is that they are ideal for working in environments research. They are relatively easy to care for, especially when compared to larger organisms like rats or rabbits. They mate easily, take about two weeks to develop, and carry only four pairs of chromosomes (Shanholtzer, 2012). The extended lifespan of an adult fruit fly depends on the temperature of its environment; for example, at a temperature of 54°F, the lifespan of the fruit fly averages between 40 and 50 days (Ashburner, 2012). Female fruit flies are capable of mating and laying numerous sets of eggs, allowing the fruit fly population to multiply rapidly. The fruit fly life cycle begins as soon as the female lays her eggs. It then takes about a day for the eggs to hatch and progress to the next stage, the larva (Shanholtzer, 2012). Once the larva molts and passes through the first, second and third instars, it hatches and develops into a pupa which takes six days to reach the adult stage (Shanholtzer, 2012). Fruit flies normally feast and bask on rotten fruit, although this is possible. they are found on old vegetables and other foods (Ashburner, 2012). It is common for fruit flies to have red colored eyes, usually called wild type, but they sometimes mutate and have brown eyes and are called sepia (Shanholtzer, 2012). For this experiment, the given flies or the F1 generation are hybridized for two traits, normal or black body, and wild-type eyes, dominant, or sepia eyes, recessive. The F1 generation is the offspring of the parent P1 generation. The P1 generation is made up of the middle of the paper. It is possible that the student did not ensure they had the appropriate amount of fruit flies, or that there was gender confusion. Some fruit flies might have drowned in the media; there could also have been errors during the estimation for the calculation of offspring. For future experiments, another hypothesis could be to take into account the sex of the fruit fly, to determine whether the characteristics are sex-related or not. Although fruit flies are often overlooked and seen as a huge frustration, according to Ashburner Michael, fruit flies humans are assigned about 75% of the disease-causing genes (2012). The fruit fly experiment could be used by scientists to gain knowledge and define how human genetics work. In other words, this experiment can shed light on how certain traits and diseases are passed down from one generation to the next..