The clinic hires brokers and middlemen to convince and coerce women into stigmatized professions. Once recruited, surrogates have no choice but to live in a shelter or clinic, as many keep their surrogacy a secret from their family, husband and community (some even chose to pretend the baby is theirs). Panda says this isolation and secrecy promotes surrogate mothers' compliance, but also adds to the painful experience of choosing to be a surrogate. Surrogacy as a dirty job; Pande says the use of stigmatizing tactics of discipline and surrogate control is not limited to clinics and homes. As surrogates disrupt gender norms and are seen as deviants, clinic and home management use this stigma to ensure that surrogates adhere to high surveillance during their pregnancy and also to maintain low levels of surveillance.