Due to the fertile nature of the Nile Valley, farmers were able to produce a large surplus to meet the needs of the pharaoh, his court, his officials, of the priest and all the other inhabitants of the region. the elite or rather the highest placed in power. Agriculture in Egypt was entirely dependent on the Nile. If you were to go a few kilometers away from the Nile, you would see nothing but a barren desert, so the Nile was very important to the Egyptians. The flood season lasted from June to September, depositing a layer of silt at the river's edge. After the flood season ended, the growing season lasted from October to February. Egypt received very little rain, so farmers dug canals and ditches to the fields. Society – Peasants and farmers made up most of the population, but the land belonged to the pharaoh or pharaoh. one of the richest temples. Peasants were also subject to taxes and were sometimes required to carry out public projects such as irrigation or construction.