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  • Essay / The Broken Window Theory - 2269

    In 1982, the political scientist James Q. Wilson and the criminological psychologist George Kelling, both Americans, published a study in The Atlantic Monthly which, for the first time, established a causal link between disorder and crime. In this study, titled Police and Neighborhood Safety, the authors used the image of broken windows to explain how disorder and crime could slowly seep into a community, causing its decline and subsequent decline in quality. of life. Wilson and Kelling argued that if a window in a factory or office was broken and not repaired immediately, people passing by would conclude that no one cared about that locality. In other words, people would believe that there is no one responsible. Kelling and Catherine Coles have published the definitive work on Broken Windows Theory: Fixing Broken Windows - Restoring Order and Reducing Crime in Our Communities. In this work, the authors would go further and demonstrate the causal relationship between violent crimes and lack of misdemeanor prosecutions. As disorder leads to crime, tolerance for petty crimes and misdemeanors inevitably leads to violent crime. The authors attribute the original “growth of disorder” in the 1960s to the valorization and combination of decriminalization of public drunkenness and deinstitutionalization of the mentally ill. The main window into this rollback in America was the vagrancy and loitering laws. These two elements opened a gap for the drunks and beggars to return to the streets in the second half. This area of ​​study is uncertain to assert this type of hypothesis. But all this discussion of the broken windows theory makes us wonder why not try to prevent crime instead of taking action after the crime has occurred? The main idea of ​​Kelling and Wilson was applied in this specific case of the New York subway and was crowned with success. The idea that police need to become more involved in the community is good for all parties. The ideal of prevention should be spread more widely in all branches because we must concentrate on the roots of the problems. The main point of this strategy is not to wait for serious crimes to occur to intervene, on the contrary, it is necessary to deal with disorderly behavior early and this form contributes to the development of all.