Since N is at the babbling stage of language development, adults could develop his language acquisition skills through "joint attention", in which the caregiver and child attend to a stimulus together, such as reading books or playing peek-a-boo games. Second, adults can adapt their language to child-directed speech. However, the content of child-directed speech is also important for children's language development. Third, singing songs and lullabies to children is another important strategy for language acquisition and is valued in Māori and Pākeha culture (Duchesne and McMaugh, 2016; MacNaughton and Williams, 2009). Given that N is of Māori and Pākeha heritage, it is important to work in partnership with N's parents, the child's first teachers, to support N's communication.