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Essay / Nature Vs Nurture Case Study - 1000
It has been said that ToM is directly linked to mirror neurons (Comer, Gould, & Furnham, 2013), so the frontal and parietal cortices of the brain, where they are located, are damaged, ToM could be lost, implying that it is a function of nature. It has also been said that, without ToM, social communication would be difficult because we would need verbal information regarding the intentions and feelings of others, indicating that ToM is an adaptive trait, suggesting that nature is responsible ( Comer, Gould, and Furnham, 2013). Although some researchers have claimed that ToM does not develop until age 3 or 4 (Westen, 1999), Repacholi and Gopnik found that 2-year-olds can infer from the face that says an experimenter after eating a certain food, that they do not want it. even if they themselves like the food (cited in Westen, 1999). This evidence implies that ToM is an innate ability, supporting the idea that it is due to nature rather than nurture. Another study that proves that ToM is a function of nature is that of Leslie. He concluded that although ToM does not develop until toddlers, it is actually innately determined (as cited in Gross, 1999). Autism plays a key role in the ToM debate; the disorder arises from abnormal brain function, often of genetic origin. Autistic children lack ToM, suggesting that nature determines whether you have it (Berk, 2006). The fact that children with intellectual disabilities do not perform well on tasks requiring mental understanding (Berk, 2006) also supports the idea that nature has a strong impact on ToM, as evidence suggests that brain problems lead to problems with