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  • Essay / Interaction of political, cultural and economic factors...

    France practiced the feudal system, a class system based on land ownership. King Louis XVI owned all the land in the country and would cede it in parcels to the nobles in exchange for services rendered in his eyes. The nobles then shared their lands and offered them to the less wealthy in exchange for a fee or a service; finally the less wealthy would offer their land to farmers. Due to feudalism, a class system was developed that divided society into three classes, known as estates. The First Estate had a moral obligation to assist the poor, the Second Estate took care to support the monarchy and the Ancien Régime and finally the Third Estate, the poorest of all, had to pay all taxes. Essentially, the entire burden of France fell on the poorest estate. The inhabitants of the Third Estate, who made up approximately eighty percent of the population, were extremely unhappy with France's order; they wanted change to happen. By the 18th century, it was clear that French culture was changing. The philosophy of the Enlightenment, for example, promoted a new society based on “reason” rather than traditions. For the people of the Tiers, the philosophy of the Enlightenment was certainly promising for the future of French society. In addition to social inequalities, famine was a major concern for the inhabitants of the Third Estate. At the start of the French Revolution, rising bread prices were a major concern; the new government, concerned about what people might do if they could not access bread, quickly responded to complaints about prices, allegations of hoarding, and other similar concerns. Essentially, these riots and the mere threat of riots themselves helped push the revolution forward and make it more and more radical. The rioters themselves