Every Sunday afternoon, they brought drums alongside other musical instruments, went to the gathering point to have fun, to make music and dancing. Congo Square was a place where slaves became Africans again. These afternoon gatherings continued into the 1880s. To this day, Congo Square not only holds very special significance for African Americans, but also plays an important role in the jazz heritage of New -Orléans. Why New Orleans? In the 20th century, the omnipresence of music in New Orleans was undeniable. This place is widely recognized as the birthplace of jazz music. There are a few theories explaining jazz music originating in New Orleans. One of these is known as the “uptown/downtown” theory. It incorporated the mix of black musicians residing in uptown areas and Creoles of color residing in the city center, as they were called. Creoles of color were educated people of mixed black and white ancestry who were more privileged than blacks. They lived primarily in downtown New Orleans, also known as the French Quarter. In contrast, blacks lived in uptown areas and were mostly unskilled workers. However, throughout the 1880s, whites gradually increased restrictions against Creoles of color and reduced their social status. Thus, from 1894, segregation eliminated the distinction between Creoles of color and blacks. This theory suggests that jazz music emerged through the chemistry between the two groups of