Imagine cutting out organs as the only treatment for abnormal cell growth. Either that or die an ignominious death. Imagine coughing up blood, having intermittent high fevers and not knowing what is wrong with you. Nuclear medicine has greatly helped humanity discover diseases that have existed for a long time but have only been diagnosed since the 20th century. Beyond diagnosis, nuclear science has made possible the controlled delivery of nuclear radiation that acts as a cure for deadly diseases like cancer. In nuclear medicine, the patient receives radiopharmaceuticals (combination of radionuclides with other pharmaceutical elements and compounds) containing substances. which have an affinity with certain tissues of the body which are marked by radioactive tracers. The most commonly used tracers are Technetium-99m, Iodine-123, Thallium-201 and Gallium-67. The functions of the organs of the human body which are mainly evaluated by nuclear medicine are the excretory functions of the kidneys, the circulatory power of the heart, the functions of the lungs, liver, gallbladder, the iodine concentration capacity of the thyroid gland and density. bone abnormalities (Siri, 1949). The gamma camera is the main device that detects, captures and displays in image form the radiation emitted by the tracer in the patient's body. Thanks to technological advances, these images can be displayed in axial, coronal or sagittal form. In newer devices, a CT scan performed almost simultaneously with the administration of nuclear medicine can greatly improve the clarity and accuracy of diagnostic tests. Positron Emission Tomog...... middle of paper ......mes, adapts and changes its principles and relationships according to the expectations of patients and other care disciplines. No renowned hospital can function today without nuclear medicine. It is essential that nuclear medicine keeps pace with the times and formulates and adopts the best set of practices that can exist taking into account current technology, the severity and complexity of diseases that exist in the current era and the available resources. The dose of radiation a patient receives, no matter how small, is considered to pose a risk according to internationally accepted guidelines. There is even said to be an unproven risk of cancer from exposure to radiation and nuclear medicine. But until this risk is proven, patients and doctors will continue to take this risk, because the benefits will continue to far outweigh the possible risks...