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Essay / European justification for the colonization of Asia and Africa
The main justification offered by Europeans for their colonization of Asia and Africa was the moral and technological superiority of the Western world. According to Europeans, the spread of the European way of life would considerably increase the standard of living of the colonized. Although economic reasons were obviously the main driver of colonial expansion, the Europeans believed that they were not only improving the living conditions of the natives, but that they were saving their mortal souls by introducing Christianity to them. Over time, the technologically advanced lifestyle has been associated with Europe and Europeans. This is the cause of the racist and social Darwinist overtones in the documents. First, Europeans used religion as a justification for colonization. This has been used many times before, notably when Spain colonized Latin America and South America. In Document 6, Mr Patton notes that some Pacific Islands are becoming Christianized and that Britain should encourage this. The countries of Europe felt it was their duty to expose indigenous people to their religious system because it would bring them salvation. Missionaries often traveled to the islands for the sole purpose of religious indoctrination of the natives, but left behind a colonized and westernized island. Christian missionaries may have had benign motives, but their presence was the first step toward “opening” a colony. Economic exploitation generally followed the presence of missionaries. Although religion is not frequently mentioned in documents, religion underlies most justifications for colonization. For example, drawing 4 indicates that it is "the white man's burden" to bring the natives to school, in order to receive a proper education...... middle of paper.. .... their lives as heirs. Kipling's poem then mentions how it is our duty, as a "superior race", to improve the lives of others. Kipling says that we can show the way to civilized life, through Western concepts, including education. This point also appears in Document 4, which states that it is the white man's burden to take the barbarians to school, where they will learn to be civilized and, hopefully, spread this knowledge throughout their community. The writings of Jules Ferry in Document 5 illustrate the point above. Ferry says that “as men of a superior race, we have an obligation” to improve the lives of the colonized. Ferry makes some important distinctions here. He says the Spanish made a mistake by introducing slavery to Central and South America. Ferry says that colonizers must embody good morality, in order to set an example for the colonized..